
Turkmenistan Guide
Turkmenistan – country information
Country name | Turkmenistan |
Official name | Turkmen Republic |
Capital | Ashgabat |
Continent | Asia |
Area | 488,100 km2 |
Population | 5,240,000 (2013) |
Foundation of a state | 27/10/1991 |
The highest mountains | Firjuza 2942 m |
Longest rivers | Amu Darya 2539 km (in the country 1050 km) |
State system | a presidential-type republic with a unicameral parliament, a de facto one-party system of government |
The biggest cities | Ashgabat (capital) 460,000, Chardjou 175,000 |
Official language | Turkmen |
Ethnicity/National Composition | Turkmen 73%, Uzbeks 9%, Russians 8.5%, Kazakhs 2.5%, Tatars 1.0%, others 6% |
Religious affiliation | mostly Sunni Muslims |
Currency | 1 manat |
gross domestic product (GDP) | US$8,641 (2012) |
Average life expectancy of the population | 61.83 years (2006) |
Structure of GDP | agriculture and fishing 32%, mining and industry 26%, construction 10%, services 32% |
Turkmenistan – neighboring states
State | Capital | Area | Population |
Afghanistan | Kabul | 652,090 km2 | 25,500,100 |
Iran | Tehran | 1,648,200 km2 | 77,288,000 |
Kazakhstan | Astana | 2,724,900 km2 | 17,186,000 |
Uzbekistan | Tashkent | 447,400 km2 | 30,183,400 |
Country overview
According to Abbreviationfinder, the desert republic of Turkmenistan stretches in Central Asia to the southeast from the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea to the border with Afghanistan. It is also bordered by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan to the north and Iran to the south.
Country data
Location: Central Asia
Time zone: CET + 4 (during summer time: CET + 3)
Total area: 488,100 km²
Land area: 469,930 km²
Water area: 18,170 km²
Length of the state border: 3,736 km
Bordering countries apply to:
Afghanistan: 744 km
Iran: 992 km
Kazakhstan: 379 km
Uzbekistan: 1,621 km
Coastline: 0 km
Capital: Ashgabat
Regions: 6
Ahal Welayaty (Anew), Ashgabat, Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dashoguz Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty
Electric current: 220 V / 50 Hz
Telephone code: 00 993 (Source: Allcitycodes)
Highest point: Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m
Population
Population: approx. 5.2 million residents (Countryaah, 2021)
Population growth: 1.1% per year
Population density (residents per km²): 1
Life expectancy: 66 (male), 73 (female)
Official language: Turkmen
Religions:
- 89% Muslim
- 9% Orthodox
- 2% other
Climate
The summer months are always quite warm with temperatures around 30 ° C. Values above 40 ° C are occasionally reached.
In winter the average value is around 3 ° C. On some days the temperature drops below the freezing point.
Currency / finance
Currency unit: Turkmen Manat (TMT)
Classification: 1 manat = 100 teňňe
ATMs: not available
International credit cards: Only accepted in individual hotels and banks in Ashgabat.
Regulations: There is no limit to the amount of foreign currencies that can be imported. The export is permitted in the amount of the declared import. There is an obligation to declare.
The import and export of the local currency is not permitted.
Customs regulations
The following may be carried duty-free:
- 200 cigarettes or 200 g of other tobacco products
- 1 liter of alcoholic beverages
(Tobacco products for people over the age of 18, alcoholic beverages over the age of 21)
Tourists and people in transit can bring items of personal use with them duty-free.
Travel advice
There is currently no country-specific safety notice for Turkmenistan.
Economy
The remaining reserves of natural gas and oil are very large.
The economy is also geared towards the manufacture and export of cotton.
Turkmenistan has to import almost all other products needed for life.
Industries: natural gas and oil production, food production, textiles
Natural resources: natural gas, oil, coal, salt
Land use:
- Usable land: 3%
- Grain cultivation: 0%
- Pasture area: 63%
- Forests: 8%
- other: 26%