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According to localcollegeexplorer, the Republic of Mali is a landlocked country located in the Sahel region of West Africa. It is bordered by Algeria, Niger, Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, Guinea, Senegal and Mauritania. With a population of over 18 million people, it is the eighth-largest country in Africa and its capital city is Bamako. The history of Mali dates back to the 12th century when it was part of the powerful Malian Empire which included parts of modern day Mauritania, Senegal and Ghana. This empire was founded by Sundiata Keita who unified various tribes around him and established an organized government with an efficient taxation system. The empire was later conquered by Morocco in 1591 but managed to remain independent until 1892 when it became a French colony known as French Sudan. In 1959 Mali declared independence from France and soon after joined with Senegal to form the Federation of Mali which lasted until 1960 when it became an independent republic under President Modibo Keita who introduced various socialist policies aimed at improving economic conditions across the country as well as promoting pan-Africanism. In 1968 Moussa Traore took power after a military coup and suspended all political activity for 19 years until 1991 when he was forced out during a popular uprising which saw Alpha Oumar Konare become president following democratic elections held that year. Konare continued with reforms aimed at improving economic conditions across the country as well as introducing new policies aimed at promoting democracy and human rights throughout his two terms in office until 2002 when Amadou Toumani Toure was elected president following democratic elections held that year. However his rule ended abruptly in 2012 due to a military coup which saw Ibrahim Boubacar Keita take power after winning democratic elections held later that year. He has since been replaced by current president Soumeylou Boubeye Maiga who won an election held in 2018 on a platform based on restoring peace and security throughout the country as well as tackling corruption within government institutions. In 2010, Mali was a West African nation located in the Sahel region with a population of around 14.5 million people. The majority of the population were from Bambara and other ethnic groups with Islam being the predominant religion. The official language of Mali was French, although other local languages such as Bambara and Songhai were widely spoken as well. Mali had been an independent state since 1960 and during this period it had experienced periods of political instability due to coups, military regimes, and civil war. Despite this, it had developed a stable democratic system by 2010 which allowed citizens to participate in free and fair elections. The economy of Mali in 2010 relied heavily on agriculture with cotton being one of its largest exports. However, there was also a growing mining industry which included gold, iron ore, uranium, and phosphates among others. Despite these resources, Mali remained one of the poorest countries in Africa due to its dependence on foreign aid and lack of investment in infrastructure and technology. In terms of education, the literacy rate in Mali was very low at only 32% which meant that many children were not receiving adequate education or training for future employment opportunities. In addition to this there were also high levels of poverty throughout the country which meant that basic necessities such as food and medical care were often difficult to access for large parts of the population. Despite these difficulties however, there remained hope for a brighter future for Mali. The government had set up numerous initiatives to promote economic growth such as the establishment of free trade zones which encouraged foreign investment while also creating jobs for local people. In addition to this there were also plans to develop renewable energy sources such as solar power in order to reduce reliance on traditional sources like oil and gas which would help reduce emissions while providing cheaper energy solutions for citizens across the country. Check extrareference for Mali in 2007.

Mali Guide

Mali Guide

Mali – country information Country name Mali Official name Republic of Mali Capital Bamako continent Africa Area 1,240,190 km Population 15 302 000 (2013) Foundation of a state 22. 9. 1960 The highest mountains Hombori Tondo 1155 m Longest rivers Niger 4,160 km (v. 1,600 km) State system a republic with a unicameral parliament The biggest cities Bamako (capital) 790,000, Ségou 125,000 Official language French Ethnicity/National Composition Bambara 31.9%, Fulba 13.9%, Senuf 12%, Soninka 8.8%, Tuareg 7.3%, Songhai 7.2%, Malinka…

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